Agroforestry

Combining trees and crops

Consider interactions before choosing species and their layout.

Practical guide

Key takeaway

Design each combination for a specific site and goal.

01

Define the functions

Identify the products and services expected from trees. Choices depend on the grower’s needs and site conditions.

02

Anticipate interactions

Trees and crops share light, water and nutrients. Their layout should encourage complementary relationships and limit competition.

03

Test and adapt

Start on a small scale, observe the results and adjust maintenance as trees grow. Agroforestry needs ongoing monitoring.

Sources and references

An educational summary of reference publications. Adapt this general guidance to species and local conditions.

Sources consulted on 25 September 2026.

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